江西省信丰中学高三英语复习：让书面表达靓起来（讲义）
一、适当运用高级词汇
在写作中“较高级词汇”的使用主要是指使用《大纲》上没有的词语、使用通过构词法变化来的新词、使用同(近)义词或反义词等来代替常见词语。在造句时,“较高级词汇”如能运用贴切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一个，也会使你的作文显示出与众不同。
1.我对英语非常感兴趣。
I’m very interested in English.I’m _____ interested in English
2. 我们的校园位于市中心。
Our school is in the center of the city. Our school _____ in the center of the city
3.放学后，我们有很多作业要做。
After school, we have a lot of homework to do.After school, we have ____ homework to do.
4.我们可以得到社会及工作经验。
We can get some working and social experience We can _____ some working as well as social experience
5． 洗澡间和厨房都很好。
The bathroom and the kitchen are good.The bathroom and the kitchen are _______.
6. 大部分学生认为应当学好英语。
Most of the students think it is necessary to study English
The majority of the students _________ it is necessary to master English.
※请记住以下高级词组：
1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard
3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…
6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…
9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate
10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue
11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
12.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others…
13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
14.就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…
15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
16.双方的论点 argument on both sides
17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
18.对…必不可少 be indispensable to …
19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:
20.…也不例外 …be no exception
1.对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…
22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective
32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33. 对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…
34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…
36.综合素质 comprehensive quality
37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach
39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…
40. 应当承认 Admittedly,
41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…
43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
45.因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)
46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient
47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
48.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly
49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion
53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
56. …必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…
57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
59.长远利益. interest in the long run
60.…有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62.取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs。63.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
65.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latestdevelopment of …
66.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth
67.…的健康发展 the healthy development of …
68.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides。No garden without weeds。
69.对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。
70.重视 attach great importance to…
71.社会地位 social status
72.把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…
73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally
75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…
76. 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
77. 可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that
78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden
79.优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth。
80.与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
81. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。
82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
84.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
85. 社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress
86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…
87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding
88.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of
二、简单句的高级形式
简单句其实也可以不简单若将简单句与非谓语动词短语、形容词短语、介词短语、同位语、独立主格结构等巧妙地合并在一起,可以表使句子变得更精彩。
1. 同位语
I want to have a pen friend, hopefully and with interests similar to mine. 我想有一个笔友, 希望是一个二十出头且兴趣相投的女孩子。2. 形容词短语
, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. 出生于美国的托马斯·爱迪生是一个伟大的科学家和发明家。3. 不定式短语
, we need to do sports. 为了学习好, 我们需要做体育运动。4. 现在分词短语In this picture, a mother bird stays in her nest in a big tree,______________. 在这幅图中, 一个鸟妈妈呆在一棵大树的鸟巢里, 观看她的鸟仔飞走。5. 过去分词短语
, mobile phones and the Internet are faster and much more convenient. 与信件和公用电话相比, 手机和网络更快也更方便。6. 介词短语
, he encourages us to think by ourselves. 他鼓励我们独立思考, 而不是马上告诉我们答案。即时练习按括号中的提示翻译下列句子。
1. 我是李华, 四川的一个学生。(同位语)I’m Li Hua, _________________________________.
. 合并句子:
⑴ The moon travels round the earth once every month.
⑵ The moon is a natural satellite of the earth.(现在分词短语)
_______________________________________________________________________________
. 合并句子：
⑴ He was well known for his expert advice.
⑵ He was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs.(过去分词短语)
______________________________________________________________________________
、简单句合并成复合句
1.有时为了使句子的连贯性更强, 表达也更为贴切、自然, 我们在两个或者多个简单句之间加上and, but, or(或者, 否则), for (因为), while(而, 却), when(就在这个时候), not only ...but also等并列连词, 使其成为并列句。
⑴ Our outdoor activity will last three hours. We’ll be back at about 11 o’clock.
→Our outdoor activity will last three hours ______ we’ll be back at about 11 o’clock.
⑵ You must hurry. You’ll miss the plane. →You must hurry _____ you’ll miss the plane.
⑶ Honey is sweet. The bee stings. →Honey is sweet _____ the bee stings.
2. 在两个或者多个简单句之间加上when, after, as, because, where, which, who等从属连词, 可以使简单句变成复合句。如：
⑴ We will organize all kinds of activities in our English club. We can not only practise but also learn more English in the activities.(改为含定语从句的复合句)
→We will organize all kinds of activities in our English club______we can not only practise but also learn more English.
⑵ He missed the first bus. He came to school late.(改为含状语从句的复合句)
→_______ he missed the first bus, he came to school late.→He missed the first bus, _____ he came to school late.
【即时练习
将下列各组句子合并成并列复合句或主从复合句。
1. He was tired. He went to bed. He was tired, _____ he went to bed.
2. Our teacher must be at home. The door is open.
=Our teacher must be at home, _____ the door is open.
3. ⑴ A satellite is an object. ⑵ A satellite travels in an orbit round another object in space.
⑶ A satellite is either natural or man-made.
=A satellite is an object, either natural or man-made, ______ travels in an orbit round another object in space.
4. ⑴ We high school students do have some growing pains.
⑵ We can get rid of them correctly and wisely.
=We high school students do have some growing pains, _____ we can get rid of them correctly and wisely.
5. ⑴ There was once a famous detective. ⑵ He was named Sherlock Holmes. ⑶ He lived in London.
⑷ The time was at the end of the nineteenth century.
=_____________________________________________________________________________
6. ⑴ The other day we had an English speech contest.⑵ I won the first prize in the contest.
=_____________________________________________________________________________
7. ⑴ Students can improve their writing ability in this way.
⑵ They can strengthen their self-confidence.
=____________________________________________________________________________
四、使用高级结构
1. 使用强调句。
用do, does, did强调一般时态的谓语动词; 用it is ...that ...强调谓语之外的各种句子成分。
her father recognized her. 直到她摘下眼镜她父亲才认出她。
2. 使用倒装句。
learn English well. 只有用这种方法我们才可以学好英语。
3. 使用with的复合结构。如：
, I couldn’t go on studying. 由于那噪音的持续, 我无法继续学习。
4. 使用非谓语动词。
at the southwest corner of our school, the botanical garden has an area of 1000 square metres. 校园西南角/面积1000平方米。
5. 恰当使用被动句。
Above all, something to stop polluting. 最重要的是, 必须釆取某些措施来阻止污染。
6. 使用各类从句, 如使用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。There’re many kinds of tea in China,
Longjing Tea is famous all over the world.
7. “数词+名词”改用“as many as+数词+名词”。
A great number of buildings were destroyed, leaving
10, 000, 000 people homeless.
8. 使用what引导的主语从句。
was to find she was such a fine swimmer. 使我大为吃惊的是, 我发现她竟是一位优秀的游泳选手。
9. 适当使用插入语。
如I guess, I think， I believe, however, in a way，in my opinion, in other words, in brief, that is to say, generally speaking, believe it or not, to tell you the truth, to be honest, as we know, what’s worse等。
. 独立主格：将主从句去掉连词，前句动词变为分词即可。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
1. 感叹句：凡是“I feel ……”之类表达感情的句子皆可如此改造。
How terrible I felt today! I failed again in the math exam.
1．虚拟语气
The ship didn't sink with all on board because there were the efforts of the captain.
the efforts of the captain, the ship __________ with all on board.
【即时练习使用上述润色技巧, 合并或改写下列句子。
1. I realized the importance of English when I entered senior high school.(强调句)
2. We can live a happy life only by this means.(倒装)
3. He fell asleep. The lights were still on. (with结构)
4. When I heard that, I was much moved.(非谓语动词)
5. They carried out a survey among 260 students.(被动语态)
6. They were faced with many problems. They didn’t lose heart.(非谓语动词)
7. It was getting dark. And it began to rain.(插入语)
8. He worked very hard. He made great progress in his study.(改为复合句)
9. He offered me a piece of advice that I should cheer up and start all over again. (what引导的主语从句)
