中考英语必备：IT用法概览

　　一、指代物

　　it可替代动植物与无生命的东西，它与one的区别在于one= a/an + none; it = the + n。

　　1. ---Where is my pencil case? ---Isnt it in your backpack?

　　2. ---I have a motorbike. It (= the motorbike) was bought three years ago.

　　3. As this chair is broken, I must have it (= the chair)repaired.

　　4. My father bought a pen and gave it (= the pen) to me.

　　5. You can not eat your cake and have it. 世事难两全。

　　试比较：

　　6. I have no dictionary, so I want to buy one. (one = a dictionary)

　　7. I have a dictionary, it is over there. (it = the dictionary)

　　二、指代人

　　it可指代一个未亲眼看到的、不明身份性别的、面目不详的人，或婴儿、儿童，照片中的人物等。

　　8. --- Who is there waving to you? ---Its my friend Tom.

　　9. ---Who is crying in the room? ---Its my brother Jack.

　　10. ---Who is knocking at the door? ---It must be Kate, my classmate.

　　11. ---Who is the girl in the photo on the wall? ---Its my sister.

　　12. ---Who is it? ---Its me. (有人敲门)

　　13. ---Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is. (敲门)

　　14. ---Oh, by the way, there is a telephone call for you. ---Who was it? (打电话)

　　15. ---Who is making so much noise? ---It must be the children.

　　16. There is a person knocking at the door. Who can it be?

　　17. Just at that time, in came a girl. It was Marks sister.

　　18. There is a young lady at the door. It is his daughter.

　　19. What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy?

　　20. A baby is lying in the cradle. It was born two months ago.

　　21. The baby cry because it is hungry.

　　22. The baby has got its first tooth.

　　注意：若身份已确定则要用人称代词。

　　23. There is a lady at the door. She wants to see you.

　　注意：向别人介绍某人时用this。

　　24. This is my friend, Jim.

　　三、指代前述内容, 或者是文中的内容

　　25. Beauty is everywhere. It makes us happy.

　　26. There is a football match tonight. It starts at six oclock in the evening.

　　27. If you remember these points, it will help you.

　　28. When we die for our motherland or the people, it is a worthy death.

　　29. You have helped me a lot. I shall never forget it.

　　30. Yang Liwei was the first Chinese to be sent up into space. It made the Chinese proud.

　　31. His mother is fifty-seven, but she doesnt look it.

　　32. Mr. Wang was ill. Have you heard it?

　　33. ---Thank you for your help? ---Dont mention it.

　　34. Although we cant see it, there is air all around us.

　　35. It would be wonderful if you could come to help us.

　　四、指时间

　　36. ---What time is it by your watch? --- Its ten minutes past two.

　　37. ---What day is it today? ---Its Friday.

　　38. ---Whats the date today? ---Its May 1st.

　　39. Its early spring, but its still very cold.

　　make it + 时间 把时间定在；约定

　　40. Lets make it eight oclock.

　　41. Let's make it three o'clock sharp.我们约定3点整吧。

　　Its time (for sb.) to do sth.

　　42. Its time to have supper. = Its time for supper.

　　53. Its time to take a walk.

　　44. It is time for us to set out.

　　45. It is time for you to go to bed.

　　Its time for sth.

　　46. Its time for class. (口语中可省略为Time for class.)

　　47. Its time for lunch. (口语中可省略为Time for lunch.)

　　48. Its time for a break. (口语中可省略为Time for break.)

　　49. Its time for a rest. (口语中可省略为Time for rest.)

　　50. Its time for dinner. (口语中可省略为Time for dinner.)

　　Its high/about time + did/should (虚拟语气)

　　51. Its high time you left.

　　52. Its about time we should work hard at our lessons.

　　It is/has been + 时间 + since

　　53. Its twenty years since she left me.

　　54. It has been 20 years since I left here.

　　55. I heard it had been 20 years since they departed from each other.

　　It was/will be + 时间名词 + before 从句 在多长时间后才发生某事

　　56. It was twenty years before they met again.

　　57. It wont be long before you recover.

　　58. It will be two years before I come here again.

　　五、指天气等自然现象

　　59. Its very cold in winter in Haerbin.

　　60. Its five degree below zero.

　　61. It will be windy tomorrow.

　　62. It will snow heavily tomorrow.

　　63. The volleyball match will be put off if it rains.

　　64. It was snowing heavily when he went out.

　　65. ---Whats the weather like in Beijing? ---Its cloudy.

　　六、指距离、速度、金钱、度量

　　66. Its just two stops to the park. 到公园只有两站路。

　　67. Its about ten kilometers from my home to my school.

　　68. Its about ten minutes walk from here to the zoo.

　　69. It is 90 dollars in price.

　　70. Its 200 mph in velocity. 速度是每小时200英里。

　　It is + 数词 + meters/miles/kilometers long/wide.

　　71. Its three kilometers long for from east to the west.

　　72. Its 200 meters wide from this side to that side.

　　七、指环境情况

　　73. Its very quiet in the forest.

　　74. Itll be very interesting at the party today.

　　75. It is always very clean and tidy in my sons room.

　　76. Its very chilly in my room.

　　77. It was noisy when he got to the classroom.

　　78. If it is convenient to you, I am going to visit you.

　　79. It was exciting when we watched the astronauts taking space walks.

　　八、替代this或that

　　80. ---Whats this/that? ---Its my pencil sharpener.

　　81. Thats not interesting, is it?

　　82. This is your point, isnt it?

　　九、作形式主语

　　(一)、替代动词不定式

　　It is + adj. to do sth.

　　83. It is good to eat vegetables.

　　84. It is an honor to have been asked to speak at the meeting.

　　It is + adj. +for sb. to do sth.

　　注意：此结构中的形容词是描述事情的、说明句尾动词不定式特征的形容词。这些形容词主要有certain, clear, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, illegal, impossible, important, obvious, possible, polite, proper, right, unnecessary, unimportant, unlikely, useless, useful等。

　　85. She is such an eccentric woman that it is difficult for anyone to get on well with her.

　　86. It is a good custom for young people to give up their sets to old people in the buses trains, or subways.

　　It is + adj. + of + sb. to do sth.

　　注意：本句型中的形容词一般表示人(逻辑主语)的某种特性，要么是夸赞，要么是贬损。主要有brave, careful, careless, considerable, cruel, clever, foolish, good, grateful, generous, impolite, kind, nice, polite, rude, silly, stupid, thoughtful, unkind, wise, wrong,等。

　　87. It is kind of you to lend me so many books.

　　88. It is clever of you to solve so difficult a problem.

　　89. It is wise of you to refuse his offer.

　　90. It is remarkable of her to be always working like this.

　　It is a pity(for sb.) to do sth. 很遗憾做某事

　　91. It would be a pity to miss the opening ceremony.

　　92. It is a pity for you not to go to Paris with us.

　　It is a great relief (to sb.) to do sth. 做是一大慰藉；真叫人送了一口气

　　93. It is a great relief to have rain after a long time of drought.

　　94. Its a great relief to me to know you are safe.

　　95. Its a great relief to hear that she won the prize.

　　It is worth while to do sth. 做是值得的

　　注意：本句型就相当于It pays to do sth.；worth while 不要写成worthwhile。

　　96. It is worth while to take a trip abroad.

　　97. It is worth while to learn English.

　　Its best to do sth. 最好做某事 = To do sth. is best.

　　98. Its best to set off tomorrow. 最好明天动身。 = To set off tomorrow is best.

　　99. Its best to review the lessons one more time. = To review the lessons once more is best.

　　Its better to do A than to do B = To do A is better than to do B.

　　100. It is better to borrow than to buy. = To borrow is better than to buy.

　　101. Its better to stay at home than to go to the cinema. = To stay at home is better than to go to the cinema.

　　How is it possible to do sth.? 这怎么可能？

　　102. How was it possible to fall down from the third floor without being hurt?

　　103. How is it possible for a girl of ten to fly an airplane?

　　Its no use to do sth. 做是没有用的

　　104. Its no use to argue with him.

　　105. He doesnt know the answer, so it is no use to ask him.

　　It takes (sb.) + 时间/条件 + to do sth. 某人花了多少时间做某事；做某事需要(条件)

　　106. It takes me half an hour to walk from here to school.

　　107. How long does it take to fly Being to London?

　　108. It takes patience and hard work to master English.

　　It costs sb. some money to do sth. 某人花多少金钱做某事

　　109. It cost him a great deal of money to take the trip.

　　100. It cost me 2000 dollars to collect these stamps.

　　It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想到做某事

　　111. It never occurred to me to take advantage of you. 我决没有想到过要占你便宜。(利用你)

　　It feels + adj. + to do sth.

　　112. It feels pleasant to talk with her. 同他谈话使人感到愉快。

　　113. It must feel strange to have a twin brother.

　　114. It feels unhappy to be with him.同他在一块让人感到不舒服。

　　115. It feels nice to take a walk in the evening. 晚间散散步感觉很好。

　　其它例句

　　116. It seems a pity not to have taken his advice.

　　117. It wont hurt to postpone the party for a few weeks.

　　118. It did surprise me to hear you say so.

　　119. It gave great pleasure to have finished this work ahead of the dead line.

　　(二)替代动名词

　　动名词可以直接位于句首作主语，但为了强调，或动名词过长时，要用it作形式主语置于句首，而把动名词放到句子最后。这也是英语尾部重压原则所要求的。

　　It is no good/use (in) doing sth. 做是没用的；做是白费力气的

　　= It is of no good/use doing sth.

　　= It is not any good/use doing sth.

　　120. It is no sue crying over spilt milk.覆水难收，悔恨无益。

　　121. It is no use trying to drown your sorrows in drink. 解酒浇愁无济于事。

　　122. Its no good getting cross with him.和他生气没有用。

　　123. Its no good reading without full understanding.

　　Its exciting doing sth.

　　124. Its exciting meeting you here.

　　Its dangerous doing sth.

　　125. Its dangerous playing with fire.

　　Its foolish doing sth.

　　126. Its foolish behaving like that.

　　Its pleasant doing sth.

　　127. Its pleasant lying in the sun.

　　Its fun doing sth.

　　128. Its fun being a magician.

　　Its no use doing sth. 做没有用

　　129. Its no use crying over spilt milk.

　　130. Its no use regretting.

　　131. Its no use you running away.

　　注意：

　　1. 辨析：Its no use doing sth. Its no use to do sth.

　　132. Its no use doing sth. 通常指比较一般的情况。

　　133. Its no use to do sth.常指具体的情况，也就是指在某一特定的场合所发生的事情。

　　2. 类似句型

　　134. Its useless to do sth.

　　135. Its of no use to do sth.

　　Its a nuisance doing sth. 做很烦人。

　　136. Its a nuisance having to do so much homework.

　　注意：这一结构中的动名词还可加ones即物主代词来充当该动名词的逻辑主语。

　　137. Its a waste of time your talking to him. It is just like casting pearls before swine.

　　138. It was great encouragement to us their coming to help.

　　139. It is useless doing that over and over again.

　　注意：辨析：Its nice to do sth. Its nice doing sth.

　　140. Its nice to do sth. 常用于见面或活动开始； Its nice doing sth.则用于分手或活动结束。

　　141. Its nice taking a walk in the evening.

　　142. Its so nice sitting near a fire in winter.

　　143. Its nice to meet you here.

　　144. Its nice to have a talk with you. (说话开始)

　　145. Its nice talking with you. （谈话之后）

　　Its hard doing sth.做某事有困难

　　146. Its hard learning English well.

　　Its interesting doing sth.做某事有趣

　　147. Its interesting going sight seeing.

　　Its easy doing sth.做某事容易

　　148. Its easy working out this problem.

　　(三)、替代主语从句

　　句型一：It + be + adj. + that从句

　　149. It is clear that she is a spy.

　　140. Is it true that you won the contest?

　　151. It is true that he didnt tell the truth.

　　152. It is quite plain that Tom didnt want to go there with us.

　　153. It is obvious that the driver couldnt control his car .

　　句型二：It is + adj. + that (虚拟语气)

　　154. It is strange that such a rich man should be so stingy.

　　155. It is natural that such a hardworking student should pass the exam.这么用功的学生通过考试时很自然的事。

　　156. It is important that he should not do it. 他不该做那事是有必要的。

　　157. It isnt surprise that Marry should marry him. 玛丽要同他结婚并不奇怪。

　　157. It is necessary that you should go to the doctor.

　　158. It is strange that we should meet here. 我们竟然在此相遇，真奇怪。

　　159. It is a pity that we should refuse to attend the meeting.

　　句型三：It + be + 名词或名词词组 + that从句

　　It is a pity that 真是遗憾

　　160. It is a pity that we have to leave tomorrow.