2024高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍专题训练：专题12 特殊句式（原卷版）

　　2024年高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍

　　专题12 特殊句式

　　特殊句式比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。

　　题型一

　　倒装句

　　例1、In front of the farmhouse ________ (lie) a peasant boy.

　　【提分秘籍】

　　1全部倒装

　　(1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, on the wall, under the tree等置于句首，且主语是名词时。

　　①John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.

　　约翰打开门，那儿站着一位他从来没见过的女孩。

　　②Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all covered with blood.

　　公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人，浑身是血。

　　(2)代词such放在句首，且在句中作表语时。

　　Such are the facts; no one can deny them.

　　这些就是事实；没有人可以否认。

　　(3)为平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密，常将作表语的形容词、副词、分词或介词短语提到句首，引起全部倒装。

　　①Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.

　　坐在第一排的是一些资深工人。

　　②Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.

　　许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。

　　注意：上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。

　　③Away they went.

　　他们走了。

　　________ (sit) under the tree was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen.

　　热点题型

　　部分倒装

　　例2、 From the picture we know, ________ happy do the children feel that they are wild with joy.

　　【提分秘籍】

　　(1)so/neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词＋主语(表示前一句中的内容也适合另一人或另一事物)

　　①If Joe's wife won't go to the party, neither will he.

　　如果Joe的妻子不参加晚会，他也不去。

　　②She has been to New York. So have I.

　　她去过纽约，我也去过。

　　注意：so表示“是的，确实”时，主谓语不倒装。

　　－It is too hot.

　　－So it is.

　　——天太热了。

　　——是啊，的确很热。

　　(2)表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时

　　当not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way等词或短语位于句首时。

　　①Not a single song did she sing at yesterday's party.

　　在昨天的晚会上她一首歌也没有唱。

　　②At no time will China be the first to use the nuclear weapon.

　　在任何情况下中国决不会第一个使用核武器。

　　(3)在so/such...that...句型中，若so/such...提到句首时

　　In such a hurry did he leave the office that he forgot to lock the door.

　　他离开办公室时太匆忙了，结果忘了锁门。

　　(4)当“only＋状语(副词、介词短语或从句)”置于句首时

　　Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.

　　只有在我朋友来了之后，电脑才修好。

　　(5)表语、状语或动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他时，句子要倒装

　　Much as I like it, I'll not buy it.

　　尽管我很喜欢它，但我不会买。

　　Pretty as she is, she is not proud.

　　尽管她很漂亮，但她一点也不自负。

　　Try as he would, he might fail again.

　　尽管他还会试，但可能还会失败。

　　(6)hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., not only...but also...等引导两个分句时，前一个分句用部分倒装，后一个分句不变。

　　①Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.

　　他一听到这个消息就哭了。

　　②The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.

　　电脑被应用于教学中，结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂感兴趣了。

　　(7)在省略if的虚拟条件句中(当条件从句中有were，had, should时)

　　①Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.

　　要是早复习了功课，你有可能就通过考试了。

　　②Should it not rain, we would go for a picnic tomorrow.

　　要是明天不下雨，我们就可以去野餐了。

　　Only by communicating with each other more frequently ________ they clear away the misunderstandings and solve the conflict.

　　热点题型

　　强调句

　　．It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ________ I found we had a lot in common.

　　【提分秘籍】

　　1强调句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语或状语等。

　　It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.

　　给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少而是我们将多少爱投入到我们所从事的事业中。

　　2强调句的特殊句式

　　强调句的特殊句式 结构构成 例句

　　一般疑问句 Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ Was it Tom who was to blame？

　　就是汤姆应负责任吗？

　　特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋句子其他部分？ The patient looks much better.What is it that has made him what he is today？

　　那个病人看上去好多了。是什么让他变成今天这样的呢？

　　强调句的特殊句式 结构构成 例句

　　not until句式 It is/was not until...＋that＋句子其他部分

　　It was not until midnight that we got home because of traffic jams.

　　因为交通阻塞，直到半夜我们才到家。

　　not...but...句式 It is not...＋that...，but.../It is not...but...that... It is not quantity but quality that counts.

　　重要的不是数量而是质量。

　　3用助动词强调谓语

　　如果要强调时态为一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中的谓语动词，我们在该动词前加助动词do, does或did。

　　①Many of the films are from the USA, but we do give awards to films from other countries.

　　许多电影来自于美国，但我们的确也给其他国家的影片颁奖。

　　②He did come to see you last Sunday, but you were out.

　　他上周日的确来看过你，但是你出去了。

　　【举一反三】

　　It was with great joy ________ Tom received the news ________ his lost son had been found.

　　热点题型省略句

　　－I'm sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test.

　　－How can that be? I did it as ________ (tell) in class.

　　【提分秘籍】

　　1．在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if, though, as等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be动词常被省略。

　　①The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if carried out regularly, can improve our health.

　　实验表明，如果有规律地进行适量运动能强身健体。

　　②Get up early tomorrow, if not (you don't get up early), you will miss the first bus.

　　明天早点起床，如果不的话，你会错过早班车。

　　2．I'm afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答句，后面跟so与not分别等于肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。

　　①－Do you think it will rain?

　　－I hope not (that it will not rain)．

　　——你认为会下雨吗？

　　——我希望不下。

　　②－Do you believe our team will win?

　　－I guess so.

　　——你相信我们队会赢吗？

　　——我猜会赢。

　　3．不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号to。

　　(1)用来代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常在be afraid/glad/happy, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等的后边。

　　I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to.

　　我请他去看电影，但他不想去。

　　－Will you join in the game?

　　－I'd be glad to.

　　——你愿意加入做游戏吗？

　　——我很高兴加入。

　　(2)如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，通常保留be, have和have been。

　　－Are you a sailor?

　　－No, but I used to be.

　　——你是海员吗？

　　——不，但我过去是。

　　题型反意疑问句及其他

　　A bit more effort, I think, ________ you will settle the problem.

　　【提分秘籍】

　　1反意疑问句

　　(1)祈使句式的反意疑问句

　　①肯定的祈使句，简短问句用will you/won't you。

　　②否定的祈使句，简短问句用will you。

　　③let's和let us引导的祈使句：let's表“建议，征询”之意时，含听话者在内，故简短问句用shall we；let us表“建议、征询”之意时，不含听话者在内，故简短问句用will you。

　　Let's go out for a walk after supper, shall we?

　　晚饭后我们散散步，好吗？

　　1反意疑问句

　　(1)祈使句式的反意疑问句

　　①肯定的祈使句，简短问句用will you/won't you。

　　②否定的祈使句，简短问句用will you。

　　③let's和let us引导的祈使句：let's表“建议，征询”之意时，含听话者在内，故简短问句用shall we；let us表“建议、征询”之意时，不含听话者在内，故简短问句用will you。

　　Let's go out for a walk after supper, shall we?

　　晚饭后我们散散步，好吗？

　　2句型：祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋简单句(多用将来时)

　　(1)祈使句/名词短语＋and＋简单句表示“如果……，就……”

　　①“Only two centimeters higher，and you will break the world record，” encouraged the coach.

　　“再高两厘米，你将打破世界纪录”，教练鼓励说。

　　②Bring the flowers into a warm room and they'll soon open.

　　将花放到暖和的房间里，它们将会很快开放。

　　(2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋简单句表示“……否则……”

　　Don't drive so fast or/otherwise you'll have an accident.

　　不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。

　　注意：分词作状语结构＋主句与该句型，如不细心容易弄混，关注有没有连词即可。

　　1.【2024·湖南】31.Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.

　　A. to keep

　　B. to have kept

　　C．keep

　　D．have kept

　　2.【2024·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.

　　A. she realized

　　B. has she realized

　　C. she has realized

　　D. did she realize

　　3.【2024·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

　　A. which B. that C. where D. how

　　1．(2024·大纲全国卷)Not only ________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.

　　2．(2024·湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart ________ good relationships with others.(will you keep, you will keep)

　　3．(2024·福建卷)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.

　　4．(2024·天津卷)Give me a chance, ________I'll give you a wonderful surprise.

　　5．(2024·陕西卷)No sooner ________ Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.

　　6．(2024·四川卷)Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr. Smith got angry?

　　7．(2024·湖南卷)________(make) what you're doing today important, because you're trading a day of your life for it.

　　8．(2024·湖南卷)All we need ________(be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.

　　9．(2024·湖南卷)It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ________ makes life happy.

　　10. (2024·四川卷)________me tomorrow and I'll let you know the lab result.

　　Ⅰ在空白处填上正确的内容(1个单词)。

　　1． Only when our project has been approved of by the committee ________ we start to carry it out.

　　2．Try hard ________ I might, I can attach no definite meaning to this rather grand sentence.

　　3． My voice was so little, and the shop owner had to bend down to hear ________ it was that I wanted to buy.

　　4． ________ he ________ (predict) the disaster, he couldn't have taken his girl friend to the 2024. New Year's Celebration at the Bund, Shanghai.

　　5．Little ________ we know that the region was rich in natural resources about four decades ago.

　　6．“Not until I knew much about the Nanjing Massacre”，the foreigner says“________ I understand the significance of setting the National Memorial Day”．

　　7．It doesn't matter if they want to come to your birthday party, ________ it?

　　8．It's not what you love in your life but ________ you have in your life ________ matters.

　　9．It was the culture, rather than the language, ________ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.

　　10．If you go to the wildlife park, you'll find the places there more dangerous than commonly ________ (suppose)．

　　11．________ (give) a push, an object will move forward and do work.

　　12．－Did you finish your work?

　　－No, I wasn't able to, ________ you?

　　13．Comparison may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ________ (see) alone.

　　14．So heavy ________ the load that I felt great relief after taking it off.

　　15．On the top of the hill ________ (stand) a temple ________ the old man once lived.

　　Ⅱ：语篇语法填空(重点考查特殊句式)