2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测:必修5.5《First aid》(讲)(解析版)

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2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测:必修5.5《First aid》(讲)(解析版)

  必修5

  Unit 5 First aid

  单元知识预览

  项目 单词及其词性变化(语法填空必备)

  重点单词 1.aid n. & vt.帮助;援助;资助 2.temporary adj.暂时的;临时的 3.injury n.损伤;伤害→injure v.受伤 4.bleed vi. & vt.流血→bled(过去式)→bled(过去分词)

  5.choke vi. & vt.(使)噎住;(使)窒息 6.poison n.毒药;毒害 vt.毒害;使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的 7.variety n.变化;多样(化);多变(性)→various adj.各种各样的→vary v.变化 8.mild adj.轻微的;温和的;温柔的→mildly adv.轻微地;温和地 9.swell vi. & vt.(使)膨胀;隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的 10.squeeze vt. & vi.榨;挤;压榨 11.symptom n.症状;征兆

  12.pour vt.

  & vi.倒;灌;注;涌 13.tight adj.牢的;紧的;紧密的→tightly adv.紧地 14.firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的;坚定的→firmly adv.坚固地;稳定地 15.treat vt. & vi.治疗;对待;款待 n.款待;招待→treatment n.治疗;疗法;对待;待遇 16.apply vt.涂;敷;搽;应用;运用 vi.申请;请求;使用;有效→applicant n.申请人→application n.申请(书) 17.pressure n.压力;挤压;压迫(感)

  重点短语 1.first aid 急救 2.fall ill

  生病 3.prevent...from...

  阻止…… 4.get burned

  烧伤 5.electric shock

  触电;电休克 6.squeeze out

  榨出;挤出

  7.over and over again

  反复;多次 8.in place

  在适当的位置;适当 9.a number of

  若干;许多 10.put one’s hands on

  找到 11.make a difference

  区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用

  经典句型

  (高考书面表达必备) 1.If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.若烫伤是在胳膊或腿上,如果可能的话,把它们抬得高于心脏。 2.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在房间里做功课,突然听到一声尖叫。

  3.It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. 正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。 4.There is no doubt_that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life. 毫无疑问,是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术,使得斯莱德女士得救了。

  必备语法(高级句型) 非谓语动词

  晨读范文背诵

  背诵这篇范文

  2024届高三4月】假如你是李华,是英国某所学校的交换生,你于2024年10月14日在商店购买的电脑坏了,请你根据下列提示给商店客服写一封信。

  主要内容:

  写作目的;

  描述具体情况(黑屏,无法使用);

  建议解决办法(更换或退钱);

  注意:1. 可适当增加细节,使行文连贯;

  2. 词数100左右。

  【参考范文】

  Dear Sir or Madam,

  My name is Li Hua, an exchange student from China. I’m writing to complain about the quality of the computer which I purchased from your store on October 14, 2024.

  It unexpectedly went wrong a few days after I bought it. The monitor turned out to be a black screen while I was preparing an important report. I tried to restart it according to the instructions, but it still failed to work. Therefore, I’m sure there is something wrong with the computer. I am hoping that you direct me to a store where I may return the faulty item for a new one within the next 3 days. Since your store has gained a good reputation for customer satisfaction, I am confident you will process my complaint at your earlier convenience.

  Looking forward to your early reply.

  语言知识精析

  重点单词精讲

  考点1.aid n. & vt.帮助;援助;资助

  【教材原句】First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人提供的一种暂时的帮助。

  【例句研读】

  (1)He aided me in business.

  他在生意上帮助我。

  (2)He was too busy to come to my aid.

  他太忙了,不能来帮我。

  【归纳拓展】

  with the aid of...在……的帮助下

  in aid of sth./sb.以支援或帮助某物/某人

  be a great aid to sb.对某人有极大的帮助

  come to one's aid来帮助某人

  first aid急救

  aid sb.in sth./doing sth.在某方面帮助某人

  aid sb.with sth.以某事物帮助某人

  aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事

  【即时巩固】

  (1)He should be able to read this without ________________ a dictionary.他不用词典应该能读懂这个。

  (2)He came to ______________

  when I was in difficulty. 我有困难时,他来帮助我。

  (3)My professor __________continue my study.我的教授帮助我继续做研究。

  【答案】(1)the aid of (2)my aid(3)aided me to

  考点2.injury n.伤害;损害

  【教材原句】Often the illness or injury is not serious,but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.

  通常情况下这些患者的伤病都不太严重,但有些时候,给予紧急援助会挽救人的生命。

  【例句研读】

  (1) Two players were out of the game because of injury.

  两名队员因伤退出了比赛。

  (2) Your words do an injury to the little girl.

  你的言语伤害了这个小女孩。我仅在一周之内就读完了那本书。

  【归纳拓展】

  injure vt. 损害;伤害

  injured adj.

  受伤的

  escape injury

  幸免受伤

  do an injury to sb

  伤害某人

  【易混辨析】

  injure,wound,hurt与damage

  (1)injure

  “损害,伤害”,多指身体上因意外受到的伤害,也可指感情上的伤害。如:

  She was badly injured in the accident.

  她在事故中受了重伤。

  (2)wound “受伤,伤害”,多指战斗中对身体造成的刀伤或枪伤,也可指“伤口”。如:

  He died after receiving two bullet wounds in the head.

  他因头部中了两颗子弹而死。

  (3)hurt

  “伤害,受伤”,多用于有生命的东西,常指肉体上的伤害,也可以比喻精神或感情方面的伤害。作不及物动词时表示“疼痛”。如:

  I hope we haven't offended him; he sounded rather hurt on the phone.

  但愿我们没有得罪他, 他在电话里听起来像是受了委屈。

  (4)damage“损坏”,指物的损失或价值的损失,也可指感情的伤害。如:

  The flood did a lot of damage to the crops.

  洪水严重地毁坏了农作物。

  【即时巩固】

  (1) After the big earthquake,__________ had no access to the medical rescue immediately.

  大地震后,伤员不能立即获得医疗上的救援。

  (2) He didn't mean to _______ her feelings.我没打算伤害你的感情。

  (3) In that accident, three were killed and four got ________________.在这次意外事故中,3人丧生,4人受伤。

  (4) The heavy rain __________ many houses.大雨毁坏了许多房屋。

  考点3.bleed (bled,bled) vi.& vt.流血

  【例句研读】

  (1) My nose began to bleed.

  我的鼻子开始流血。

  (2) All the young soldiers are ready to bleed for the country.

  所有的年轻战士都愿意为祖国洒热血。

  【归纳拓展】

  blood n.血,血液; 血统

  bloody adj.

  血腥的,残忍的;流血的

  bleed to death

  流血致死

  bleed for sth

  为……而流血;为……而悲痛

  【即时巩固】

  (1) She was almost

  after she gave birth to a child. 生完孩子后,她几乎因流血不止而死去。

  (2) The cut on my arm _________for a long time.

  我胳膊上的伤口流了好长时间的血。

  (3)You____________ at the nose.(=Your nose is bleeding.)你在流鼻血。

  考点4.variety n. 变化,多样(化),多变(性);(同一事物的)不同种类,多种多样

  【教材原句】You can get burned by a variety of things:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by being close to high heat or fire,etc.),the sun,electricity or chemicals.

  你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤:灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电和化学物品。

  【例句研读】

  (1) There are a variety of flowers in the garden.

  花园里有各种各样的花。 (2) She made the children glad in a variety of ways.

  她用各种各样的方法使孩子们高兴。

  【归纳拓展】

  a variety of=varieties of =various adj.各种各样的;不同种类的

  vary v.变化多;变化;使多样化

  vary from...to...从……到……不等;在……到……之间变动

  vary with...随……而变动

  【温馨提示】

  “a variety of+复数名词”用作主语,谓语要用复数;“the variety of+复数名词”用作主语,谓语要用单数。

  【即时巩固】

  (1) Beijing is filled with people from __________of China. 北京遍布来自全国各地的人。

  (2) Opinions on this matter________.

  在这个问题上,(人们的)意见不一致。

  (3) ________is the spice of life.

  变化是生活的调味品。

  【答案】 (1) various parts (2) vary (3) Variety

  考点5.swell vi.&vt.(swelled,swollen)(使)膨胀;隆起;(使)增加

  【教材原句】...dry,red and mildly swollen干燥、发红、微肿

  【例句研读】

  (1) Her arm was beginning to swell up where the bee had stung her.

  她的胳膊上被蜜蜂蜇了的地方开始肿了起来。

  (2) The sails swelled

  (out) in the wind.

  船帆鼓满了风。

  【归纳拓展】

  swell up 膨胀,肿胀

  swell out鼓起,凸出

  swell with...(心中)充满……

  swollen adj.肿胀的

  【即时巩固】

  (1) Her heart ________happiness. 她心中充满了幸福。

  (2) Last year's profits ____________a fall in production costs.

  去年因生产成本下降而使利润有所增加。

  考点6.electric adj.电的;导电的;电动的

  【教材原句】Examples include burns caused by electric shocks,burning clothes ,or severe petrol fires.例如由电击引起的烧伤,因衣服起火引起的烧伤,或因汽油起火引起的严重烧伤。

  【例句研读】

  (1) This heavy truck is driven by two electric motors.

  这辆重型卡车是由两台电动机驱动的。 (2)I want to buy an electric cooker.我想买一个电炉。

  【易混易错】

  electric/electrical

  electric 用电的,指“用电操作的或生电的”。

  electrical 表示与电有关的人或事物,指“电的,电气的”。

  electric fan 电风扇

  electric current电流

  electrical engineer电机工程师

  【即时巩固】

  (1) Please connect the two

  wires.请把两个电线接起来。 (2) All the

  work was done by my younger brother.所有的电工活都是我弟弟做的。

  【答案】(1) electric

  (2) electrical

  考点7.squeeze vt.& vi.榨;挤;压榨

  【教材原句】For second degree burns,keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.

  对于二度烧伤,要保持湿布清凉,需把湿布放回冷水盆中,拧出水后再放在烧伤面上,这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右,直到不太痛时为止。

  【例句研读】

  (1) There's room for one more, but it'll be a squeeze.

  这里还能容下一个人,但是会挤一点儿。

  (2) He squeezed an orange to get the juice out.

  他挤压橘子以便榨出橘汁。

  【归纳拓展】

  squeeze out榨出;挤出

  squeeze from从……榨取

  squeeze out of从……中挤出/榨出

  squeeze through挤着通过

  squeeze sth.into...将某物挤成某形状

  squeeze one's way推开别人通过;挤过

  【即时巩固】

  (1) Tom took off his wet clothes and _________the water out.汤姆脱下了湿衣服,拧出了水。 (2) The dog ____________the small hole in the wall.那条狗挤过了小小的墙洞。 (3) He was so fat that he could not _________________________.他太胖了不能挤进公共汽车。 【答案】(1) squeezed (2) squeezed through (3) squeeze into the bus考点8.vital adj.至关重要的;生死攸关的

  【教材原句】If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度烧伤,至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。

  【例句研读】

  (1) To be able to cope with change is vital for survival.

  能够应对变化对生存极为重要。

  (2) Richard played a vital role in the team's success.

  理查德对团队的成功起了至关重要的作用。

  【归纳拓展】

  be of vital importance至关重要的

  be vital to...对……很重要

  It is vital to do sth.做……是很重要的

  It is vital that...……是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气,即should do,should可以省略)

  【即时巩固】

  (1) Skilful employees __________the success of any company.

  技术好的雇员对任何公司的成功都极为重要。

  (2) ____________that school teach students to use computer technology.

  学校应该教会学生使用计算机技术,这是至关重要的。

  (3) _________ to master at least a foreign language at college. 在大学掌握至少一门外语是非常重要的。

  考点9.pour vt.& vi.倒;灌;注;涌;不断涌向;下大雨