2024年职称英语考试《卫生类B级》考试真题
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1、Come out．or Ill bust the door down．
A．shut
B．set
C．break
D．beat
2、 The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town．
A．naked
B．cautious
C．blind
D．private
3、 The rules are too rigid to allow for human error．
A．general
B．complex
C．direct
D．inflexible
4、 It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already．
A．right
B．unbelievable
C．obvious
D．unclear
5、 These animals migrate south annually in search of food．
A．explore
B．travel
C．inlaid
D．prefer
6、 Rumors began to circulate,about his financial problems．
A．spread
B．send
C．hear
D．confirm
7、 She came across three children sleeping under a bridge．
A．passed by
B．took a notice of
C．woke up
D．found by chance
8、 I have little information as regards her fitness for the post．
A．at
B．with
C．about
D．from
9、 As a politician，he knows how to manipulate public opinion．
A．influence
B．express
C．divide
D．voice
10、 He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company．
A．taught
B．attracted
C．kept
D．changed
11、 He paused，waiting for her to digest the information．
A．understand
B．withhold
C．exchange
D．contact
12、 Make sure the table is securely anchored．
A．repaired
B．cleared
C．booked
D．fixed
13、 She gets aggressive when she is drunk.
A．worried
B．sleepy
C．offensive
D．anxious
14、 There was something peculiar in the way the smiles.
A．strange
B．different
C．wrong
D．funny
15、 The contract between the two companies will expire soon
A．shorten
B．start
C．resume
D．end
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
16、
Promising Results from Cancer Study
A new experimental vaccine(疫苗)has shown promising results in the fight against lung cancer．In a small Texas-based study，a vaccine developed by scientists at Baylor University Medical Centre in Dallas，USA，cured lung cancer in some patients and slowed the progress of the disease in others．
Researchers have reported encouraging findings from this small study．Forty-three patients suffering from lung cancer were involved in these trials．Ten of these patients were in the early stages and thirtythree in the advanced stages of the disease．They were injected with me Vaccine every two weeks for three months，and were carefully monitored for three years.In three of the patients in me advanced stages of cancer，the disease disappeared and in the others，it did not spread for five to twentyfour months．However，no great difference was seen in the patients in the early stages of the illness．
This new vaccine uses the patientsown immune、system．It is made specifically for each patient and is injected into the arm or leg．It stimulates the bodys immune system，which then recognizes that the cancer cells are harmful，and attacks and destroys them.
The vaccine could be effective against other forms of cancer．It offers great hope for the treatment of cancer in general，although further studies are needed before such treatment can be widely used．
根据以上内容，回答16-22题。
The vaccine cured all the participants in the trial．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
17、 Over forty people participated in the study．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
18、 Patients in the early stages of the disease recovered more quickly in the trial．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
19、 All the patients were from Dallas．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
20、 Every patient was injected with the same vaccine．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
21、 The vaccine activates the immune system．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
22、 The vaccine may be useful for treating other cancers．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择个小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
23、
Organic Food：Why?
1．Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world，expanding by 25 percent a year over the past lo years．So what is the attraction of organic food for some people? The really important thing is that organic sounds morenaturaleating organic is a way of defining oneself as natural，good，caring，different from the junkfoodeating masses．
2．Unlike conventional farming，the organic approach means farming with natural rather than man-made，fertilizers and pesticides．Techniques such as crop rotation(轮种)improve soil quality and help organic farmers compensate for the absence of manmade chemicals．As a method of food production organic is，however，inefficient in its use of labor and land：there are severe limits to how much food Call be produced．Also，the environmental benefits of not using artificial fertilizers are tiny compared with the amount of carbon dioxide emitted(排放)by transporting food．
3．Organic fanning is often claimed to be safer than conventional farming．Yet studies into organic farming worldwide continue to reject this claim．An extensive review by the UK Food Standards Agency found that there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional crops．Even where results indicated there was evidence of a difference，the reviewers found no sign that these differences would have any noticeable effect on health．
4．The simplistic claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventional food was always likely to be misleading．Food is a natural product，and the health value of different foods will Vary for a number of reasons including freshness，the way the food is cooked，the type of soil it is grown in the amount of sunlight and rain crops have received，and so on．Likewise． the flavor of a carrot has less to do with whether it was fertilized with manure(粪便)or something out of a plastic sack than with the variety of carrot and how long ago it was dug up．
5．Then notion that organic food is safer thannormalfood is also contradicted by the fact that many of our most common foods are full of natural toxins(毒素)．As one research expert says：People mink that the more natural something is．the better it is for them．That is simply not the case．In fact，it is the opposite that is true：the closer a plant is to its natural state，the more likely it is that it will poison you．Naturally，many plants do not want to be eaten，so we have spent 10，000 years developing agriculture and breeding out harmful traits from crops．
根据以上内容，回答23-30题。
Paragraph 1__________
A．Main reason for the popularity of organic food
B．Description of organic farming
C．Factors that affect food health value
D．Testing the taste of organic food
E．Necessity to remove hidden dangers from food
F．Research into whether organic food is better
24、Paragraph 2__________
A．Main reason for the popularity of organic food
B．Description of organic farming
C．Factors that affect food health value
D．Testing the taste of organic food
E．Necessity to remove hidden dangers from food
F．Research into whether organic food is better
25、Paragraph 3__________
A．Main reason for the popularity of organic food
B．Description of organic farming
C．Factors that affect food health value
D．Testing the taste of organic food
E．Necessity to remove hidden dangers from food
F．Research into whether organic food is better
26、Paragraph 4__________
A．Main reason for the popularity of organic food
B．Description of organic farming
C．Factors that affect food health value
D．Testing the taste of organic food
E．Necessity to remove hidden dangers from food
F．Research into whether organic food is better
27、Techniques of organic farming help__________．
A．show that organic crops are safer than conventional ones
B．be specially trained
C．improve soil quality
D．poison you
E．be eaten
F．affect their nutritional content
28、There is no convincing evidence to__________
A．show that organic crops are safer than conventional ones
B．be specially trained
C．improve soil quality
D．poison you
E．be eaten
F．affect their nutritional content
29、The weather conditions during the growth of crops__________ ．
A．show that organic crops are safer than conventional ones
B．be specially trained
C．improve soil quality
D．poison you
E．be eaten
F．affect their nutritional content
30、The closer a plant is to its natural state；the less suitable it is to__________．
A．show that organic crops are safer than conventional ones
B．be specially trained
C．improve soil quality
D．poison you
E．be eaten
F．affect their nutritional content
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
31、
On the Trial of the Honey Badger
On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert，a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badgers(獾)．The team employed a local wildlife expert，Kitso Khama，to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert．Their main aim was to study the badgersmovements and behavior as discreetly(谨慎地)as possible frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior．They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the animals reputation，this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do．
The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals，especially when they see something new．He says．That，combined with their unpredictable nature，can be a dangerous mixture．If they sense you have food，for example，they wont be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat．Theyre actually quite sociable creatures around humans，but as soon as they feel they might be in danger，they can become extremely vicious(凶恶的)．Fortunately this is rare，but it does happen．
The research confirmed many things that were already known．As expected，honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill．Even poisonous snakes，feared and avoided by most other animals，were not safe from them．The researchers were surprised，however，by the animals fondness for local melons，probably because of their high water content．Previously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey(猎物)．The team also learnt that，contrary to previous research findings，the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups．They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research，including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other．
Following some of the male badgers was a challenge，since they can cover large distances in a short space of time．Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers．
Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males，there are occasional fights over an important food source，and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species．
As me badgers became accustomed to the presence of people．it gave the team the to get up close to them without being the subject of the animalscuriosityor a sudden aggression．The badgerseating patterns，which had been disrupted，to normal,It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other that form working associations with the honey badger，as these seemed to badgersrelaxed attitude when near humans．
根据以上内容，回答31-45题。
Why did the wild life experts visit the Kalahari Desert?
A．To find where honey badgers live．
B．To observe how honey badgers behave．
C．To catch some honey badgers for food．
D．To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation．
32、 What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?
A．They show interest in things they are not familiar with．
B．They are always looking for food。
C．They do not enjoy human company．
D．It is common for them to attack people．
33、 What did the team find out about honey badgers?
A．There were some creatures they did not eat．
B．They were afraid of poisonous creatures．
C．They may get some of the water they needed from fruit．
D．Female badgers did not mix with male badgers．
34、 Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?
A．They dont run very quickly．
B．They hunt over a very large area．
C．They defend their territory from other badgers．
D．They are more aggressive than females．
35、 What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?
A．They became less aggressive towards other creatures．
B．They started eating more．
C．Other animals started working with them.
D．They lost interest in people．
36、
Dont Drink AloneGets New Meaning
In what may be bad news for bars and pubs，a European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libations with food．Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking patterns of 1，500 patients from four cancer studies and another 3，500 adults who had never had cancer．
After the researchers accounted for the amount of alcohol consumed，they found that individuals who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 to 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral cavity，pharynx，and esophagus，when compared with people who drank only at meals．Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal cancer．Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites raced to smoking or drinking by the study volunteers，Dal Maso says．The discouraging news，his team reports，is that drinking with meals didnt eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites．
